The following is a list of Apollo flights. The program began in 1961, and is still ongoing today.
Note that any crewed spaceflight that uses an Apollo command-service module (CSM) is considered an Apollo flight.
List of missions[]
| Mission | Alternate name(s) | Launch Date | Crew | Duration | Type | Spacecraft Type, Launch Vehicle, and Launch Site | CSM Name | LM Name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SA-1 | October 27, 1961 | unmanned | 15 minutes | Launch Vehicle Testing | N/A, Saturn I, LC-34 | N/A | N/A | First test flight of the Saturn I, and first overall mission of the Apollo program. Only the first stage on the SA-1 vehicle was live, the S-IV and S-V stage being ballasted dummies | |
| SA-2 | April 25, 1962 | unmanned | 2 minutes, 14 seconds | Launch Vehicle Testing | N/A, Saturn I, LC-34 | N/A | N/A | First flight in which the S-IV stage was live. President Kennedy identified this flight as the one where American lifting capability would surpass that of Germany. After this flight, the Saturn I was designated the standard launch vehicle for American launch needs, relegating other launchers to niche roles. In addition, the success of SA-2 allowed for NASA to cancel three follow-on test flights. | |
| AS-101 | May 28, 1964 | unmanned | ~5 hours, 53 minutes | Boilerplate Test | Boilerplate Lunar Apollo ("Block 0"), Saturn I, LC-37B | unnamed | N/A | First launch of a boilerplate Apollo LR spacecraft (nicknamed the "Block 0"). | |
| AS-102 | September 18, 1964 | unmanned | ~7 hours, 30 minutes | Boilerplate Test | Boilerplate Apollo LR ("Block 0"), Saturn I, LC-37B | unnamed | N/A | ||
| AS-103 | February 16, 1965 | unmanned | 3 years, 6 months, 13 days | Boilerplate Test/Pegasus Satellite | Boilerplate Apollo LR ("Block 0"), Pegasus, Saturn I, LC-37B | unnamed | N/A | Carried first Pegasus micrometeorite satellite (Pegasus A) in addition to boilerplate CSM | |
| AS-104 | May 25, 1965 | unmanned | 5,275 days | Boilerplate Test/Pegasus Satellite | Boilerplate Apollo LR ("Block 0"), Pegasus, Saturn I, LC-37B | unnamed | N/A | Carried Pegasus B and boilerplate CSM | |
| AS-105 | July 30, 1965 | unmanned | 1,466 days | Boilerplate Test/Pegasus Satellite | Boilerplate Apollo LR ("Block 0"), Pegasus, Saturn I, LC-37B | unnamed | N/A | Carried Pegasus C and boilerplate CSM | |
| AS-106 | September 21, 1965 | unmanned | ~8 hours | Service Module and Heat Shield Test | Boilerplate Apollo LR CM ("Block 0"), Block I Apollo LR SM Saturn I, LC-34 | unnamed | N/A | First flight of a production service module with a live SPS engine. Tested the Apollo LR service module and Apollo heatshields. | |
| AS-107 | November 28, 1965 | unmanned | ~8 hours | Service Module and Heat Shield Test | Boilerplate Apollo LR CM ("Block 0"), Block I Apollo LR SM Saturn I, LC-34 | unnamed | N/A | Second and final orbital test of the Apollo LR service module and heatshields. | |
| AS-201 | February 26, 1966 | unmanned | 37 minutes, 19.7 seconds | Suborbital Test | Block I Apollo SR, Saturn IB, LC-34 | unnamed | N/A | First launch of the Apollo SR. The Saturn IB had been tested in 1965, and was being used for launching satellites and probes up to this point. | |
| AS-202 | July 5, 1966 | unmanned | ~6 hours | Orbital Test | Block I Apollo SR, Saturn IB, LC-34 | unnamed | N/A | First orbital test flight of the Block I Apollo SR. Final Saturn IB flight in the Apollo program until 1982. | |
| AS-203 | August 25, 1966 | Unmanned | 2 days | Orbital/Launch Vehicle Test | Block I Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | First launch of the Saturn IC and F-1 engine, and first launch from Launch Complex 39. Ultimately became the final flight of the Block I Apollo SR. | |
| Apollo 1 | AS-204
C-Alpha |
May 5, 1967 | Gus Grissom, Commander
Ed White, Senior Pilot Roger Chaffee, Pilot |
14 days | Manned Orbital Test | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Phoenix | N/A | First manned flight of the Apollo program, and first flight of the Block II Apollo SR. This flight was initially scheduled to launch in February 1967 with a Block I Apollo SR, but a flash fire in the spacecraft during an altitude chamber test destroyed the command module. The flight was quickly remanifested with a Block II Apollo SR, which the crew named the spacecraft Phoenix to symbolize their spacecraft rising from the ashes, better than ever. |
| Apollo 2 | A1 | July 7, 1967 | unmanned | 11 hours, 10 minute | Unmanned LM Test | LM, Saturn IB, LC-34 | N/A | unnamed | First test flight of the lunar module. |
| Apollo 3 | C-Beta | September 14, 1967 | unmanned | 10 days | Spacecraft Testing | Block I Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | First test flight of the Block I Apollo LR and S-IC stage. |
| Apollo 4 | B1 | November 9, 1967 | unmanned | 8 hours, 36 minutes, 59 seconds | Launch Vehicle Testing | Block I Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | First launch of the Saturn V. While the rocket performed perfectly, the mission was deemed a failure when the command module's main parachutes failed to deploy after reentry, and the capsule hit the water too hard for the landing to be considered surviveable. |
| Apollo 5 | B2 | January 22, 1968 | unmanned | 8 hours, 36 minutes, 59 seconds | Launch Vehicle Testing | Block I Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | Repeat of Apollo 4. This time, the parachutes on the command module did deploy. |
| Apollo 6 | B3 | April 4, 1968 | unmanned | 9 hours 57 minutes 20 seconds | Free-Return Abort Test | Block I Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | Second flight of Saturn V; severe "pogo" vibrations caused two second-stage engines to shut down prematurely, and third stage restart to fail. SM engine used to achieve high-speed re-entry, though less than Apollo 4. NASA identified vibration fixes and declared Saturn V man-rated. |
| Apollo 7 | C1 | October 11, 1968 | Wally Schirra, Commander
Donn Eisele, Command Module Pilot Walter Cunningham, "Lunar Module Pilot" |
10 days, 20 hours, 9 minutes, 3 seconds | Manned Orbital Test | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn II, LC-39A | Atlantis | N/A | First crewed flight of the Block II Apollo LR, and first crewed flight of the Saturn INT-20. Included the first live TV broadcast from an American spacecraft. |
| Apollo 8 | C-Prime | December 21, 1968 | Frank Borman, Commander
Jim Lovell, Command Module Pilot Bill Anders, "Lunar Module Pilot" |
6 days, 3 hours, 42 seconds | Lunar Orbital Test | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Jules Verne | N/A | First crewed flight to lunar orbit, first deep space mission, and first crewed launch of the Saturn V. The CSM made 10 orbits of the moon. |
| Apollo 9 | D1 | March 3, 1969 | L. Gordon Cooper, Commander
Bernice Steadman, Lunar Module Pilot Rusty Schweickart, Command Module Pilot |
10 days, 1 hour, 54 seconds | Manned LM Test | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Gumdrop | Spider | First crewed test flight of the lunar module, first woman to fly aboard Apollo, and first EVA in the Apollo program. |
| Apollo 10 | F1 | May 18, 1969 | Tom Stafford, Commander
Gene Cernan, Lunar Module Pilot John Young, Command Module Pilot |
8 days, 3 minutes, 23 seconds | Dress Rehearsal | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39B | Charlie Brown | Snoopy | Dress rehearsal for Apollo 11. First lunar flight for LM. First all-veteran spaceflight, featuring the first color TV broadcast from space. Also the first launch from LC-39B. |
| Apollo 11 | G1 | July 16, 1969 | Neil Armstrong, Commander
Buzz Aldrin, Lunar Module Pilot Mike Collins, Command Module Pilot |
8 days, 3 hours, 18 minutes, 35 seconds | First Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Columbia | Eagle | Historic manned lunar landing. Armstrong and Aldrin landed in the Sea of Tranquility. |
| Apollo 12 | H1 | November 14, 1969 | Pete Conrad, Commander
Alan Bean, Lunar Module Pilot Dick Gordon, Command Module Pilot |
10 days, 4 hours, 36 minutes, 24 seconds | Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Yankee Clipper | Intrepid | First pinpoint landing, and the first multi-EVA mission. Conrad and Bean landed in the Ocean of Storms, within walking distance of the Surveyor 3 probe. |
| Apollo 13 | H2 | April 11, 1970 | Jim Lovell, Commander
Fred Haise, Lunar Module Pilot Jack Swigert, Command Module Pilot |
5 days, 22 hours, 54 minutes, 41 seconds | Lunar Landing (Planned) | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Odyssey | Aquarius | Intended Fra Mauro landing cancelled after SM oxygen tank exploded. LM used as "lifeboat" for safe crew return. First S-IVB stage impact on Moon for active seismic test. |
| Apollo 14 | H3 | January 31, 1971 | Alan Shepard, Commander
Edgar Mitchell, Lunar Module Pilot Stuart Roosa, Command Module Pilot |
9 days, 1 minute, 58 seconds | Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Kitty Hawk | Antares | Successful Fra Mauro landing. Broadcast first color TV images from lunar surface (other than a few moments at the start of the Apollo 12 moonwalk.) Conducted first materials science experiments in space. Conducted two surface EVAs. Also saw the first golf ball hit in space, which many future visiters to the Moon would imitate. |
| Apollo 15 | H4 | July 26, 1971 | David Scott, Commander
Jim Irwin, Lunar Module Pilot Al Worden, Command Module Pilot |
12 days, 7 hours, 11 minutes, 53 seconds | Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Endeavor | Falcon | Landing in Censorinus Crater. Conducted two surface EVAs. |
| Apollo 16 | J1 | April 16, 1972 | John Young, Commander
Charlie Duke, Lunar Module Pilot Ken Mattingly, Command Module Pilot |
11 days, 1 hour, 51 minutes, 5 seconds | Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Casper | Orion | Landed in the Descartes Highlands. First extended LM, three-day lunar stay. First use of Lunar Roving Vehicle. Conducted 3 lunar surface EVAs and one deep space EVA on return to retrieve orbital camera film from SM. Set the record for amount of lunar samples brought back from the surface, a record still unmatched. |
| Apollo 17 | J2 | December 7, 1972 | Gene Cernan, Commander
Joe Engle, Lunar Module Pilot Ron Evans, Command Module Pilot |
12 days, 13 hours, 51 minutes, 59 seconds | Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | America | Challenger | Landing at Marius Hills. First crewed night launch. Conducted 3 lunar EVAs and one deep space EVA. |
| Apollo 18 | J3 | February 4, 1973 | Dick Gordon, Commander
Harrison Schmidt Lunar Module Pilot Vance Brand, Command Module Pilot |
16 days | Extended Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Batman | Robin | First extended lunar landing. Landing in Copernicus crater. Harrison Schmidt became the first professional geologist on the moon. |
| Apollo 19 | J4 | April 17, 1973 | Fred Haise, Commander
Jerry Carr, Lunar Module Pilot William Pogue, Command Module Pilot |
20 days | Extended Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39B | Coyote | Roadrunner | Landing in Hadley Rille. Launched from LC-39B due to LC-39A being used for the launch of Anik A2 and Skylab. The events surrounding the launch were described as a "Month of Anguish" by Gene Kranz in a 1994 interview, as they first had to wait on the Saturn V launching Pioneer 11 from LC-39B, wait on the Saturn IC launching Anik A2 from 39A, get Apollo 19 up, then roll MLP-1 back so the Saturn IC intended for the Skylab 1 mission could be rolled out to 39B to await Skylab's launch; any delay that could cause either Pioneer 11, Anik A2, or Apollo 19 to miss their launch windows would also delay the entire Skylab program, as everything was hinging upon Skylab 1 launching ten days after the station itself, and that as head of the entire Saturn launch program, every decision and delay was on him. He also stated that it could have been avoided if Pad C had been built at LC-39 as planned. |
| Apollo 21 | Skylab 1 | May 25, 1973 | Pete Conrad, Commander
Joseph Kerwin, Pilot Henry Hartsfield, Flight Engineer |
28 days, 49 minutes, 49 seconds | Skylab Visit | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | First crew to visit Skylab, and first operational flight of the Apollo SR. Spent the first fourteen days at the station repairing it after it was damaged during launch. Due to the launch schedule being shuffled around, Apollo 21 ultimately launched before Apollo 20. |
| Apollo 20 | J5 | June 1, 1973 | Wally Funk, Commander
Jack Lousma, Lunar Module Pilot Paul Weitz, Command Module Pilot |
20 days | Extended Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Forrestal | Sparrow | First woman on the moon. Landing in Tycho Crater, within walking distance of the Surveyor 7 probe. End of Apollo Phase I. |
| Apollo 22 | July 8, 1973 | Rusty Schwieckart, Commander
Bruce McCandless II, Pilot Story Musgrave, Flight Engineer |
6 days | Earth Resources | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, LC-39A | Spyglass | N/A | Start of Apollo Phase II. Earth Resources study using instrumentation mounted on a carrier bus placed into a 260km orbit using a Block II CSM and a Saturn INT-20. | |
| Apollo 23 | Skylab 2 | July 28, 1973 | Alan Bean, Commander
Owen Garriott, Pilot Jack Lousma, Flight Engineer |
59 days, 11 hours, 09 minutes, 01 seconds | Skylab Visit | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | Second crew to visit Skylab. Several of the RCS thrusters were observed to be leaking, and a rescue mission was quickly assembled in the event of further leaks, but was ultimately unneeded. Lousma set a record for fastest turnaround for an astronaut, having returned from the moon on Apollo 20 a little over a month before Apollo 23. |
| Apollo 24 | September 18, 1973 | Ronald Evans, Commander
Edgar Mitchell, Lunar Module Pilot Sarah Gorelick, Command Module Pilot |
7 days | High Orbit Laser Communications Test | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Chip | Dale | To provide a possible alternative to using radio links for interplanetary communications Perkins-Elmer, a firm later involved in the construction of the Hubble Space Telescope was asked to design a laser communications system. By 1966, their work was sufficiently advanced to propose that NASA set aside an Apollo mission to test out their planned system. A CSM and LM were launched into a synchronous orbit on the first Saturn V launched for an Earth orbital mission since Apollo 9, and tested the system. Results were inconclusive. | |
| Apollo 25 | Skylab 3 | November 16, 1973 | Gerald Carr, Commander
Edward Gibson, Pilot William Pogue, Flight Engineer |
84 days, 1 hour, 15 minutes, 30 seconds | Skylab Visit | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | Third crew to visit Skylab. Considered the most-productive of the four Skylab missions, in spite of a supposed "mutiny" caused by the crew being overworked. The incident helped NASA take measures to improve the mental and psychological health of crew on future long-duration flights. |
| Apollo 26 | J6 | January 27, 1974 | Buzz Aldrin, Commander
Dorien Berg, Lunar Module Pilot William Thornton, Command Module Pilot |
20 days | Extended Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Hornet | Condor | Landing in Schroter's Valley. Aldrin became the first human to walk on the moon twice. First use of the Long-Range Flyer, a small, two-man rocket using leftover fuel from the LM descent stage; Aldrin and Berg flew roughly 35 miles from Condor and back using the LRF. |
| Apollo 27 | I1 | March 6, 1974 | L. Gordon Cooper, Commander
Robert Parker, Command Module Pilot Miyuki Kato, Telescope Pilot |
20 days | Lunar Orbital Survey | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, LC-39B
Modified KH-8, Saturn V, LC-39A |
Harriott | Kepler | Launched an Apollo LR and a modified KH-8 military spy satellite into lunar orbit for comprehensive mapping of the lunar surface. Due to the length of the KH-8, the Earth Orbit Rendezvous mode was used, with the KH-8 and its Saturn V launching first, followed by the Apollo spacecraft on a Saturn INT-20. Miyuki Kato became the first Japanese-American in soace, while Cooper became the second and final member of the Mercury Twelve to fly to the moon. |
| Apollo 28 | April 5, 1974 | Jim Lovell, Commander
Story Musgrave, Pilot Gloria Attard, Flight Engineer |
12 days | High Orbit Optical Systems Experiment | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Providence | Pinocchio | Placed in synchronous orbit a LM whose descent stage was replaced with an optical array for the purpose of testing various advanced optical systems, such as segmented mirrors, communications lasers and stellar interferometry. | |
| Apollo 29 | Skylab 4 | April 16, 1974 | Vance Brand, Commander
Don Lind, Pilot William Lenoir, Flight Engineer |
20 days | Skylab Visit | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | Fourth and final crew to visit Skylab. Oversaw the docking of AARDV 2 and removed equipment from the station to be taken back to Earth. |
| Apollo 30 | J7 | May 4, 1975 | Robert Crippin, Commander
Vanessa Smith, Lunar Module Pilot William Pogue, Command Module Pilot |
4 minutes | Extended Lunar Landing (planned) | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Artemis | Altair | 80 seconds into flight, the engines on the S-IC stage gimballed unexpectedly, sending the vehicle off-course. Commander Robert Crippin immediately noticed the abrupt change in direction on the navball, and activated Mode 1B (one bravo), marking the first in-flight use of the LES. The Range Safety Officer initiated the self-destruct after the CM was clear, and CM landed safely, and the crew was recovered uninjured, but shaken. Following the disaster, the Saturn V was grounded indefinitely pending a full investigation. The crew lobbied heavily to be put on the next lunar flight, but Deke Slayton refused on the grounds that it would disrupt the crew rotation; this later became a moot point when Congress ordered a stand-down on all lunar flights pending investigation. |
| Apollo 31 | AUTP | July 15, 1975 | Thomas P. Stafford, Commander
Vance D. Brand, Command Module Pilot Donald K. "Deke" Slayton, Docking Module Pilot |
9 days, 1 hour, 28 seconds | Apollo-Union Test Project | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | Peacemaker | N/A | The first Apollo flight since the Apollo 26 mishap, the first joint US-German spaceflight. Launch with a special docking adapter, the CSM docked with Union 22 for a historic handshake and joint scientific experiments. The only major issue was during re-entry, when Apollo 26's crew was exposed to toxic nitrogen tetroxide fumes caused by the RCS oxidizer venting from the spacecraft and re-entering a cabin air intake. All three astronauts survived, but had to go to the hospital. |
| Apollo 32 | Olympus 1 | August 11, 1975 | Jim McDivitt, Commander
Richard H. Truly, Pilot F. Story Musgrave, Flight Engineer |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | First crewed flight to Olympus. Start of Olympus crew rotation cycle. |
| Apollo 33 | September 6, 1975 | Dick Gordon, Commander
Robert Overmyer, Pilot Miyuki Kato, Flight Engineer |
8 days | Satellite Rendezvouz and Refurbishment | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Randolph | N/A | A CSM with a special capture mechanism rendezvouzed with OSO 3 and replaced the failed on-board tape recorder. | |
| Apollo 34 | Olympus 2 | November 9, 1975 | John Young, Commander
Robert Crippin, Pilot Louise Murphy, Flight Engineer |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | First Olympus crew rotation, relieving the crew of Apollo 28. |
| Apollo 35 | Olympus 3 | February 7, 1976 | Janet Dietrich, Commander
Bernice Steadman, Pilot Regina Harris, Flight Engineer |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | First all-female Apollo crew. |
| Apollo 36 | Olympus 4 | April 5, 1976 | Wally Funk, Commander
Ronald Evans, Pilot Don L. Lind, Flight Engineer |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 37 | Olympus 5 | June 3, 1976 | Gus Grissom, Commander
Julie James, Pilot Robert Overmeyer, Flight Engineer |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 38 | NOAA-1 | July 30, 1976 | Vanessa Smith, Commander
Joe Engle, Pilot Joseph Kerwin, Flight Engineer |
7 days | Earth Resources | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Willard Scott | N/A | Observed Tropical Storm Anna utilizing multiple cameras in the SIM Bay. |
| Apollo 39 | Olympus 6 | August 1, 1976 | Stuart Roosa, Commander
Gordon Fullerton, Pilot William Thornton, Flight Engineer |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 40 | Olympus 7 | November 12, 1976 | Joe Engle, Commander
Karol Bobko, Pilot Wubbo Ockels, Flight Engineer (DSP) |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | First flight under the auspices of the Entente Space Council (ESC), with Wubbo Ockels becoming the first Dutch astronaut to fly in space. |
| Apollo 41 | Olympus 8 | January 10, 1977 | Fred Haise, Commander
Robert Overmeyer, Pilot Joseph Allen, Flight Engineer |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 42 | AUTP-II | February 24, 1977 | Jim Lovell, Commander
Tammy Diaz, Pilot John Swigert, Docking Module Pilot |
14 days | Apollo-Union Test Project II | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | Minuteman | N/A | Second international spaceflight, AUTP II docked at Gruß 5. During their stay aboard the station, Apollo 39 made a pass of the station en route the the Moon, with the launched time so the men aboard Gruß could film the TLI. |
| Apollo 43 | J8 | March 6, 1977 | Ernestine Smith, Commander,
Bruce McCandless II Lunar Module Pilot William Pogue, Command Module Pilot |
12 days | "Return to Moon" Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Discovery | Zeus | First Saturn V flight since Apollo 25, and the first manned lunar landing since 1975. Smith and McCandless landed at Tranquility Base, approx. 120 feet from the Apollo 11 Descent Stage. Over three EVAs, equipment left behind by Armstrong and Aldrin was recovered, including the various experiments and parts from the Descent Stage. |
| Apollo 44 | Olympus 9 | March 8, 1977 | Jack Lousma, Commander
Henry Hartsfield, Pilot Ernie Hopkins, Flight Engineer (Ministry of Space) |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | Second ESC flight. Hopkins became the first Briton in space. |
| Apollo 45 | Olympus 10 | May 2, 1977 | Paul Weitz, Commander
David Peterson, Pilot (CSA) Philip Chapman, Flight Engineer |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | Third ESC flight. Peterson became the first Canadian in space. |
| Apollo 46 | Demeter 1 | May 6, 1977 | William Lenoir, Commander
Owen Garriott, Pilot Angel Flores, Flight Engineer |
24 days | Manned Venus Flyby Phase A | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Hercules | N/A | First phase of the Manned Venus Flyby project. Evaluated the use of an S-IVB for long-term habitation. |
| Apollo 47 | Olympus 11 | July 6, 1977 | Robert Crippen, Commander
Donald Peterson, Pilot Nigel Wood, Flight Engineer (MoS) |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | ESC flight |
| Apollo 48 | Demeter 2 | August 20, 1977 | Jim Lovell, Commander
Tom Stafford, Pilot Story Musgrave, Flight Engineer |
30 days | Manned Venus Flyby Phase B | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Mighty Mouse | N/A | Second phase of the Manned Venus Flyby project. The S-IVB, modified with the Environmental Support Module and solar panels, put the stack in a circular orbit around Earth at an altitude of 25,000 miles. The craft was exposed to elements similar to that en route to Venus. |
| Apollo 49 | Olympus 12 | September 9, 1977 | William R. Pogue, Commander
Joe Engle, Pilot Karl Henize, Flight Engineer |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 50 | Demeter 3 | November 5, 1977 | Richard F. Gordon, Commander
Tammy Diaz, Pilot Robert Overmeyer, Flight Engineer |
1 year | Manned Venus Flyby Phase C | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Enterprise | N/A | On February 19, 1978, Apollo 50 flew within 5,000 miles of Venus, making the crew the first humans to visit another planet, never mind the fact that the flight was the first manned interplanetary mission. The return from Venus was spent taking observations of Mercury and the sun, which were 0.03 AU away. |
| Apollo 51 | Olympus 13 | November 8, 1977 | Bruce McCandless II, Commander
Story Musgrave, Pilot Edward Gibson, Flight Engineer |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 52 | Olympus 14 | January 6, 1978 | Vance D. Brand, Commander
Don L. Lind, Pilot Amanda Redbane, Flight Engineer |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 53 | Olympus 15 | March 8, 1978 | Fred Haise, Commander
C. Gordon Fullerton, Pilot Joe Engle, Flight Engineer |
90 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | Arrow 1 docked at Olympus two days after Apollo 49 arrived, taking pressure off of NASA to maintain a 90-day rotation cycle. Starting with Apollo 51, the rotation cycle would be reduced to 60 days. |
| Apollo 54 | Olympus 16 | May 6, 1978 | Roger Chaffee, Commander
Donald H. Peterson, Pilot William Thornton, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | First 60-day Olympus flight. |
| Apollo 55 | Olympus 17 | July 4, 1978 | Miyuki Kato, Commander
Amanda Redbane, Pilot Dina Grey, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | Second all-female Apollo crew. |
| Apollo 56 | Olympus 18 | September 10, 1978 | Rusty Schweickart, Commander
Annette Anderson, Pilot Joseph P. Kerwin, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 57 | Olympus 19 | November 8, 1978 | Ken Mattingly, Commander
Edgar Mitchell, Pilot Louise Murphy, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | Observed the return of Apollo 50. |
| Apollo 58 | Olympus 20 | January 6, 1979 | Fred Haise, Commander
C. Gordon Fullerton, Pilot Richard H. Truly, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 59 | K1 | January 22, 1979 | Jim Lovell, Commander
Jack R. Lousma, Lunar Module Pilot Henry W. Hartsfield, Command Module Pilot |
30 days | Lunar Base Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39B | Midway | Kestrel | Start of construction of the Phase I Lunar Base in Sinus Iridum within Mare Ibrium. Lovell and Lousma landed in the first LM Taxi at a landing site with the first LM Shelter (launched on a separate Saturn V; uncrewed launches of LM variants did not receive Apollo designations). Lovell was assigned to this flight specifically because he was nearing retirement from the Astronaut Corps., and there was a strong desire within NASA to get him on the lunar surface after the Apollo 13 mishap. |
| Apollo 60 | Olympus 21 | March 12, 1979 | Alan Bean, Commander
Joe Engle, Pilot Owen Garriott, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 61 | K2 | May 5, 1979 | Paul J. Weitz, Commander
Frederick Hauck, Lunar Module Pilot David Griggs, Command Module Pilot |
30 days | Lunar Base Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Lexington | Finch | Second Phase I Lunar Base construction flight, and first flight with members of NASA Astronaut Group 8. |
| Apollo 62 | Olympus 22 | May 10, 1979 | Julie James, Commander
Jon McBride, Pilot Guion S. Bluford Jr., Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | First African-American in space. |
| Apollo 63 | Olympus 23 | July 18, 1979 | F. Story Musgrave, Commander
Richard O. Covey, Pilot Margaret Rhea Seddon, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 64 | K3 | August 5, 1979 | Karol J. Bobko, Commander
Stephen R. Nagel, Lunar Module Pilot Michael L. Coats, Command Module Pilot |
30 days | Lunar Base Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Ranger | Reliant | Third Phase I Lunar Base construction flight. Saw the landing of the LM Shelter Lab (SheLab), a much larger, more advanced shelter with an onboard sample analysis laboratory, a crane for lifting heavier objects, and the Lunar Transfer Vehicle (LTV), a smaller, one-man rover used for moving cargo around the base site. |
| Apollo 65 | Olympus 24 | September 16, 1979 | John Young, Commander
Louise Murphy, Pilot Dale A. Gardner, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 66 | Olympus 25 | November 14, 1979 | William E. Thornton, Commander
Loren J. Shriver, Pilot Ellison S. Onizuka, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | Facilitated delivery of the Airlock Module. |
| Apollo 67 | K4 | January 4, 1980 | Jack Lousma, Commander
Don L. Lind, Lunar Module Pilot Francis R. Scobee, Command Module Pilot |
40 days | Lunar Base Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Pathfinder | Sojourner | Due to the amount of used descent stages littering the base area and presenting landing hazards, NASA made Apollo 67 the final flight to the Phase I Lunar Base. The base was intended to be a proof-of-concept for future permanent bases, much as Skylab was meant to be a proof-of-concept for future space stations. |
| Apollo 68 | Olympus 26 | January 12, 1980 | Donald H. Peterson, Commander
David M. Walker, Pilot Shannon M. W. Lucid, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | Facilitated delivery of the European Research Module (ERM). |
| Apollo 69 | Olympus 27 | March 10, 1980 | Richard O. Covey, Commander
John McBride, Pilot Sally Ride, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | First flight commanded by a Group 8 astronaut. |
| Apollo 70 | J9 | April 28, 1980 | Richard H. Truly, Commander
Harrison Schmitt, Lunar Module Pilot James F. Buchli, Command Module Pilot |
40 days | Extended Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Bennington | Merrimac | Landed at Sinus Medii. This mission was manifested using leftover hardware from the Phase I Lunar Base, and included an LM Taxi, LM SheLab, and an LM Truck that delivered the Malemute, a large rover with a pressurized interior and RTG generators enabling long-range exploration, serving as a prototype for rovers to be used on a crewed Mars landing. During the mission, Truly and Schmitt visited the Surveyor 6 lander, the wreckage of the Surveyor 4 lander, and drove all the way to the Cocoa Mountains, a pyroclastic structure of great geological importance, which compelled Schmitt to come out of retirement and return to the moon. |
| Apollo 71 | Olympus 28 | May 8, 1980 | Michael L. Coats, Commander
Frederick D. Gregory, Pilot Judith A. Resnik, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 72 | Olympus 29 | July 12, 1980 | Guion S. Bluford Jr., Commander
Steven R. Nagel, Pilot Kathryn D. Sullivan, Flight Engineer (launch) Wubbo Ockels, Flight Engineer (ESA) (landing) |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | First flight in which one astronaut was left behind, and another took their place. In this case, Sullivan and Ockels were exchanged between Apollo 72 and Arrow 15. Also the first flight commanded by an African-American. |
| Apollo 73 | Olympus 30 | September 10, 1980 | Francis R. Scobee, Commander
Robert L. Gibson, Pilot George D. Nelson, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 74 | October 9, 1980 | C. Gordon Fullerton, Commander
Evangelia Mytaras, Pilot John M. Fabian, Flight Engineer |
15 days | Orbital X-Ray Telescope | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Hubble | N/A | In 1966, NASA asked Convair to research the use of Apollo systems to test out large scale space construction projects. One of the proposals involved the use of a Saturn IB to place a 30in (76 cm) diameter X-Ray telescope into a 260nm (480 km)high orbit. This flight finally manifested in 1980, though the Saturn IB was substituted with a Saturn IC. This was the first flight since Apollo 33 where the Apollo SR was used on a non-space station flight. The main impetus for the flight was to test techniques for a third-generation space station to succeed Olympus. | |
| Apollo 75 | Olympus 31 | November 8, 1980 | Samantha Fisher, Commander
Brewster H. Shaw Jr., Pilot R. Michael Mullane, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 76 | Olympus 32 | January 14, 1981 | Karol J. Bobko, Commander
Guy S. Gardner, Pilot Ronald E. McNair, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | First flight with a Group 9 astronaut. |
| Apollo 77 | B4 | February 8, 1981 | unmanned | 8 hours, 36 minutes, 59 seconds | Spacecraft Test | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Endeavor | N/A | In 1976, NASA announced that it would be moving towards replacing single-use Apollo command modules with reusable capsules, both to drive down costs and take advantage of development already done on the Thermal Protection System for the cancelled Space Shuttle. After multiple delays, the first reusable Apollo capsule was launched on Apollo 77, named Endeavor after the Apollo 15 command module. Profile-wise, the flight was a repeat of Apollo 4, and was therefore referred to as a B-type mission, based on George Mueller's original testing sequence developed in 1967. The goal of the flight was test how the TPS would handle reentry at lunar-return velocity. Endeavor survived reentry perfectly, giving NASA the confidence to put crew aboard the capsule. This was the first uncrewed Apollo flight since Apollo 6, and the first time an Apollo capsule landed on solid ground, utilizing retro-rockets and landing legs in the newly-redesigned heatshield. This would prevent saltwater damage to the TPS and simplify post-flight refurbishment. |
| Apollo 78 | Olympus 33 | March 12, 1981 | Richard H. Truly, Commander
John O. Creighton, Pilot Jeffrey A. Hoffman, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 79 | C-Prime 2 | April 12, 1981 | John Young, Commander
Robert Crippen, Pilot |
6 days | Spacecraft Testing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Endeavor | N/A | First crewed flight of Columbia, first two-crew Apollo flight, and first two-crew US human spaceflight since Arrow Flight Test 1 in 1970. This flight was a repeat of Apollo 8, following the exact same profile, to test how the TPS would withstand lunar orbit conditions. |
| Apollo 80 | Olympus 34 | May 10, 1981 | Richard O. Covey, Commander
Frederick D. Gregory, Pilot Kathryn D. Sullivan |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 81 | Olympus 35 | July 8, 1981 | Donald E. Williams, Commander
Steven R. Nagel, Pilot Bonnie J. Dunbar, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Endeavor | N/A | The command module originally designated for this flight was found to have multiple defects, and had to be sent back to Rockwell International (North American Aviation's successor). This occurred just before vehicle assembly, and manifesting a whole new CSM risked throwing the Olympus crew rotation schedule into disarray. Fortunately, the reusable command module Endeavor had just emerged from refurbishment after Apollo 79, and was quickly mated to the service module and used on the flight, becoming the capsule's first visit to Olympus. |
| Apollo 82 | Olympus 36 | September 6, 1981 | Joe Engle, Commander
Richard H. Truly, Pilot Sherwood C. Spring, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 83 | DoD-1 | October 17, 1981 | Jack R. Lousma, Commander
C. Gordon Fullerton, Pilot John M. Fabian, Flight Engineer |
8 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, Vandenberg SLC-6 | unnamed | N/A | First classified military flight of the Apollo program, and first crewed launch from Vandenberg SLC-6. Believed to have carried high-powered cameras in the SIM Bay to monitor a worrying Latin Union military build-up at Caen. |
| Apollo 84 | J10 | October 21, 1981 | Francis R. Scobee, Commander
Kathryn D. Sullivan, Lunar Module Pilot Michael J. Smith, Command Module Pilot |
40 days | Extended Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | Saratoga | Copernicus | Landed at Ina crater in Lacus Felicitatis. Utilized an LM Taxi, LM SheLab, and LM Truck with the second Malemute rover. Sullivan, who has a PhD in geology was recommended for this flight by Harrison Schmitt. Findings from this flight would see Terra Nivium become an area of great interest, leading to an increase in lunar flights during the 1980s. |
| Apollo 85 | Olympus 37 | November 14, 1981 | Ken Mattingly, Commander
Henry W. Hartsfield, Pilot Robert L. Gibson, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Endeavor | N/A | Second use of Endeavor on an Olympus crew rotation flight. |
| Apollo 86 | Olympus 38 | January 12, 1982 | Daniel C. Brandenstein, Commander
Bryan D. O'Connor, Pilot Jeffrey A. Hoffman, Flight Engineer |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | On February 4, 1982, the crew of Apollo 86 noticed several missile launches coming from France, and immediately alerted Mission Control. This was quickly passed on to the Royal Air Force, as cruise missiles from Caen began hitting targets in London. The crew had just witnessed the outbreak of the War of the Ninth Coalition between the Entente and Latin Union. |
| Apollo 87 | DoD-2 | February 12, 1982 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 5 days | Classified | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have rendezvoused with a French satellite and destroyed it by taking it apart on an EVA. Crew is believed to have been from the United States Air Force. |
| Apollo 88 | Thunderbird 1 | February 26, 1982 | unmanned | 2 years | Lifeboat Launch | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Thunderbird 1 | N/A | This uncrewed flight launched a Block II Apollo SR to Olympus to serve as a lifeboat in the event the station was attacked by the Latin Union. It would later be used to rescue astronauts from a stricken Arrow spacecraft. Although designated as Apollo 88, this was actually the 100th flight of the Apollo program, when counting the uncrewed development flights with the Saturn I and Saturn IB in the early-mid 1960s. |
| Apollo 89 | DoD-3 | March 7, 1982 | Brewster H. Shaw, Commander
David M. Walker, Pilot Mary L. Cleave, Flight Engineer |
4 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, Vandenberg SLC-6 | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have destroyed at least twelve enemy communications satellites using an autocannon mounted in the SIM Bay. |
| Apollo 90 | Olympus 39 | March 10, 1982 | Vance Brand, Commander
Robert F. Overmeyer, Pilot William B. Lenoir, Flight Engineer Joseph P. Allen IV, Mission Specialist |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Endeavor | N/A | First four-person Apollo flight, and first use of the Mission Specialist position. |
| Apollo 91 | DoD-4 | March 19, 1982 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 2 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, Vandenberg SLC-6 | unnamed | N/A | One of the most controversial flights in the program's history, Apollo 91 is alleged to have deployed a 300 kt nuclear warhead and reentry vehicle from the SIM Bay targeted at Naval Station Rota, a critical Spanish naval base. It is public knowledge that Naval Station Rota was indeed destroyed by a 300 kt nuclear weapon, but the method of delivery is still debated. Alternate theories for Apollo 91 include a simple spy mission similar to Apollo 83. |
| Apollo 92 | DoD-5 | April 13, 1982 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 5 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, Vandenberg SLC-6 | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have serviced a KH-11 spy satellite. |
| Apollo 93 | DoD-6 | April 28, 1982 | Frederick H. Hauck, Commander
Guy S. Gardner, Pilot Franklin Chang-Diaz, Flight Engineer |
8 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have carried a lunar module whose ascent stage had been modified with a sophisticated camera and sensor suite for reconnaissance. This flight was likely a major contributing factor to the success of the Entente offensive into Algeria. First Costa Rican in space. |
| Apollo 94 | Olympus 40 | May 8, 1982 | Paul J. Weitz, Commander
Karol J. Bobko Donald H. Peterson, Flight Engineer F. Story Musgrave, Mission Specialist |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Resilience | N/A | First flight of the reuseable command module Resilience. |
| Apollo 95 | DoD-7 | May 24, 1982 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 5 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, Vandenberg SLC-6 | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have destroyed at least sixteen enemy communications satellites using an autocannon mounted in the SIM Bay. |
| Apollo 96 | DoD-8 | June 4, 1982 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 5 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have stolen data from a French spy satellite. |
| Apollo 97 | DoD-9 | June 19, 1982 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 5 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, Vandenberg SLC-6 | unnamed | N/A | Another controversial flight, Apollo 97 is believed to have dropped a MIRV with six 150 kt nuclear warheads on known French missile silos in Algeria. The destruction of these silos in a decapitation strike is public knowledge, though the delivery method is still not known. |
| Apollo 98 | Olympus 41 | July 6, 1982 | Robert Crippen, Commander
Frederick H. Hauck, Pilot Sally Ride, Flight Engineer John M. Fabian, Mission Specialist 1 Norman E. Thagard, Mission Specialist 2 |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Resilience | N/A | First five-person Apollo crew, using all five seats in Resilience. |
| Apollo 99 | DoD-10 | July 17, 1982 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 10 days | Classified | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | Alleged to have carried Air Force personnel to Olympus to harden the station against EMP, using materials launched aboard an AARDV. |
| Apollo 100 | Artemis 1 | August 2, 1982 | Francis R. Scobee, Commander
Jon McBride, Pilot Anna L. Fisher, Flight Engineer |
63 days | Artemis Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | First flight to Space Station Artemis, a wet workshop space station launched into lunar orbit in response to Germany launching the Gruß 7 space station in a similar manner. Start of Artemis crew rotation cycle. Although designated as Apollo 100, this was actually the 112th flight of the program. |
| Apollo 101 | Olympus 42 | August 4, 1982 | Richard H. Truly, Commander
Daniel Brandenstein, Pilot Dale S. Gardner, Flight Engineer Guion Bluford, Mission Specialist 1 William E. Thornton, Mission Specialist 2 |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39B | Challenger | N/A | |
| Apollo 102 | DoD-11 | August 12, 1982 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 5 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, Vandenberg SLC-6 | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have serviced a KH-11 spy satellite. |
| Apollo 103 | DoD-12
J11 Lunex-1 |
September 1, 1982 | Loren J. Shriver, Commander
Richard N. Richards, Lunar Module Pilot Roy D. Bridges Jr., Command Module Pilot |
30 days | Lunar Outpost Construction | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39B | Mahan | Nimitz | First lunar military flight. Flight was declassified in 2009. Landed at the Fra Mauro, the Apollo 14 landing site, to set up an automated military observation post for monitoring Latin Union spacecraft orbiting the moon. Utilized three LM Trucks to deliver Malemute rovers loaded with the parts for the outpost. One of the flight's alternate names, Lunex-1, hearkened back to a pre-Apollo Air Force plan to land humans on the moon for military purposes. |
| Apollo 104 | Thunderbird 2 | September 10, 1982 | John O. Creighton, Commander
Ronald J. Grabe, Pilot Jackson May (MoS) Oscar Howard (MoS) Daisy Fox (MoS) |
8 days | Rescue | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Thunderbird 2 | N/A | Rescued three astronauts from a stricken Arrow spacecraft that had been attacked by a French missile launched from the guided missile dreadnought Louis XVIII. The other two astronauts aboard the Arrow, Dyal Upasani and Ryker Grant, were rescued by Thunderbird 1 and taken to Olympus, while May, Howard, and Fox were immediately returned to Earth. First in-space, and first five-person expendable command module. |
| Apollo 105 | Olympus 43 | October 2, 1982 | John Young, Commander
Brewster H. Shaw, Pilot Robert A. Parker, Flight Engineer Owen Garriott, Mission Specialist 1 Byron K. Lichtenberg, Mission Specialist 2 |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Endeavor | N/A | Lichtenberg was a researcher at the Massachusets Institute of Technology (MIT). |
| Apollo 106 | Artemis 2 | October 4, 1982 | David Griggs, Commander
John E. Blaha, Pilot Wubbo Ockels, Flight Engineer |
65 days | Artemis Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | Ockels became the first astronaut not to be an American or German to go beyond Earth orbit. |
| Apollo 107 | DoD-13 | October 17, 1982 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 6 days | Classified | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IB, Vandenberg SLC-6 | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have serviced a KH-11 spy satellite. This flight was originally planned to be launched in December, but was moved up, likely due to the urgency to service this particular satellite, as its orbit was set to cross over Continental Europe ahead of naval landings at Normandy. Because of this, NASA was unable to ship an S-IE stage to Vandenberg in time, but the Air Force did have several S-IB stages at the base for their own payloads. Thus, this flight became the first use of the Saturn IB in the Apollo program since AS-202 in 1966, and the first crewed flight of the Saturn IB. |
| Apollo 108 | DoD-14 | November 7, 1982 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 6 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, Vandenberg SLC-6 | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have deployed several low-yield nuclear warheads in a strike on French positions on the beaches of Normandy in the hours prior to the commencement of naval landings. |
| Apollo 109 | DoD-15 | November 19, 1982 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 3 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have carried SIGINT systems. |
| Apollo 110 | DoD-16 | December 8, 1982 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 4 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, LC-39A | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have carried high-powered cameras in the SIM Bay to pinpoint the exact location of a French nuclear command and control center. This center would be destroyed by conventional means hours after Apollo 110 landed. |
| Apollo 111 | Olympus 44 | December 14, 1982 | Vance Brand, Commander
Robert L. Gibson, Pilot Robert L. Stewart, Flight Engineer Bruce McCandless II, Mission Specialist 1 Ronald E. McNair, Mission Specialist 2 |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Resilience | N/A | Tested the Manned Maneuvering Unit on the first untethered orbital EVA, resulting in the famous image of McCandless floating above the Earth. |
| Apollo 112 | Artemis 3 | December 16, 1982 | David M. Walker, Commander
Charles F. Bolden Jr., Pilot Judith A. Resnik, Flight Engineer |
65 days | Artemis Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 113 | DoD-17 | January 6, 1983 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 6 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, Vandenberg SLC-6 | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have service OPS 4029, a Vortex SIGINT satellite. |
| Apollo 114 | DoD-18 | January 29, 1983 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 4 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, Vandenberg SLC-6 | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have carried SIGINT equipment in the SIM Bay to monitor French military communications ahead of the attack on Paris. |
| Apollo 115 | DoD-19 | February 5, 1983 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 2 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, Vandenberg SLC-6 | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have carried high-powered cameras in the SIM Bay to uncover French holdouts following the fall of Paris. |
| Apollo 116 | Olympus 45 | February 12, 1983 | Robert Crippen, Commander
Francis R. Scobee, Pilot James van Hoften, Flight Engineer Terry Hart, Mission Specialist 1 George Nelson, Mission Specialist 2 |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Resilience | N/A | |
| Apollo 117 | Artemis 4 | February 16, 1983 | C. Gordon Fullerton, Commander
Guy S. Gardner, Pilot Robert C. Springer, Flight Engineer |
65 days | Artemis Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | |
| Apollo 118 | DoD-20 | February 20, 1983 | Classified (believed to be Air Force personnel) | 5 days | Classified | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn INT-20, Vandenberg SLC-6 | unnamed | N/A | Believed to have conducted orbital clean-up operations following the end of the War of the Ninth Coalition by deploying what was allegedly a large net from the SIM Bay to gather up debris "like a fishing trawler", and then detach the net after the deorbit burn to ensure the destruction of the debris. Final DoD flight. |
| Apollo 119 | Olympus 46 | April 10, 1983 | Henry W. Hartsfield, Commander
Donald E. Williams, Pilot Ellison S. Onizuka, Flight Engineer Kathryn D. Sullivan, Mission Specialist 1 James P. Bagian, Mission Specialist 2 |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Endeavor | N/A | |
| Apollo 120 | Artemis 5 | April 12, 1983 | Dina Grey, Commander
Don L. Lind, Pilot William Frederick Fisher, Flight Engineer |
65 days | Artemis Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A | Delivered the Airlock Module to Space Station Artemis (identical to the module on Olympus). |
| Apollo 121 | J12 | May 5, 1983 | John Young, Commander
Kathryn D. Sullivan, Lunar Module Pilot Bryan D. O'Connor, Command Module Pilot |
30 days | Extended Lunar Landing | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39A | John Paul Jones | Curiosity | Landed at Lacum Hiemalis. Used an LM Taxi, LM SheLab, and LM Truck that delivered a Malemute rover. Both Young and Sullivan had walked on the moon before (Young in 1972 on Apollo 16, Sullivan in 1981 on Apollo 84). |
| Apollo 122 | Olympus 47 | June 8, 1983 | Kim Cruz, Commander
Robert F. Overmeyer, Pilot David C. Hilmers, Flight Engineer James F. Buchli, Mission Specialist 1 Guion Bluford, Mission Specialist 2 |
60 days | Olympus Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo SR, Saturn IC, LC-39A | Resilience | N/A | |
| Apollo 123 | Artemis 6 | June 14, 1983 | Robert L. Gibson, Commander
Richard O. Covey, Pilot David C. Hilmers, Flight Engineer |
65 days | Artemis Crew Rotation | Block II Apollo LR, Saturn V, LC-39B | unnamed | N/A |
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